| Patana : |
- Paṭnā pronunciation (Hindi: पटना, Bengali: পাটনা, Urdu: پٹنہ)is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second largest city in eastern India after Kolkata. Patna is also one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Sunga, Gupta, Pala and Suri dynasties.
Pataliputra was also a seat of learning and fine arts. Its population during the Maurya period (around 300 BCE) was about 400,000. The walled old area, known locally as Patna City, is a major trading centre.
The modern city of Patna is situated on the southern bank of the Ganga. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak and Punpun. The city is approximately 25 km long and 9 km to 10 km wide.
In June 2009, the World Bank ranked Patna in second place in India, after Delhi, in terms of the ease with which a business can be started. As at 2004-1005 Patna had the highest per capita gross district domestic product in Bihar, at Rs31,441,.
The Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain pilgrim centres of Vaishali, Rajgir, Nalanda, Bodhgaya, and Pawapuri are nearby and Patna is also a sacred city for Sikhs. The Sikh Guru,Guru Gobind Singh, was born here
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